18-23 months
Movement
Walks and can toss a ball
Climbs ups and down off of furniture unsupported
Walks up and down stairs holding on to support
Cognitive
Begins make-believe play
Begins to sort shapes and colors
Imitates behavior of others
Demonstrates increasing independence
Language
Points to object or picture and names them
Recognizes names of people/objects/body parts
Says multiple single words
Uses two word sentences
Follows simple one-step instructions
Fine Motor
Scribbles spontaneously
Turns over container to pour out contents
Building tower of four blocks or more
2 years old
Movement
Climbs well
Walks up stairs alternating feet with support
Runs easily
Pedals tricycle
Bends over easily without falling
Cognitive
Plays make believe with dolls, animals and people
Completes puzzles with 3 or 4 pieces
Understands concept of “two”
Language
Recognizes and identifies almost all common objects
Understands instructions through a sentence
Can say name, age and sex
Uses pronouns (I, you, me, we, they)
Strangers can understand most of his/her words
Fine motor
Makes vertical, horizontal and circular strokes
Turns book pages one at a time
Builds a tower of more than 6 blocks
Holds a pencil in writing position
Screws and unscrews jar lids, nuts and bolts
Social-emotional
Separates easily from parents
Expresses a wide range of emotions
Can identify the change of expressions in others
3 and 4 year olds
Movement
Hops and stands on one foot up to 5 seconds
Kicks ball forward
Throws ball overhand
Moves forward and backward
Uses riding toys
Cognitive
Correctly names some colors
Understands the concept of counting
Begins to have a clearer sense of time
Recalls parts of a story
Language
Understands the concepts of “same” and “different”
Has mastered some basic rules of grammar
Speaks in sentences of 5 to 6 words
Speaks clearly enough for strangers to understand
Tells stories
Fine motor
Copies square shapes
Draws a person with 2 to 4 body parts
Uses scissors
Draws circles and squares
Begins to copy some capital letters
Can feed self with spoon
Social-emotional
Cooperates/plays with other children
Plays “mom” or “dad”
More inventive in fantasy play
More independent